Science WondersScience Wonders

Gravity Wave Lab

Model a chirp
through detector noise.

This lab is separate from the CERN pages. It teaches the basic logic of an interferometer and a source Chirp: a rising sweep so faint that the wave's Strain can hide inside detector noise. Lower the noise and raise the sensitivity until the Signal-to-noise ratio lifts the chirp clear.

Current sourceBinary black holes
Visibility70 / 100
Peak strain9.41e-22

Instrument console

Interferometer, waveform, and controls side by side.

Heavy binaries make a stronger, lower-pitched chirp that rises quickly near merger.

A simplified Michelson interferometer diagram showing a laser source, beam splitter, two perpendicular arms with end mirrors, and a photodiode detector. Animated dots represent photons traveling along the optical paths. The interference fringe pattern at the detector changes based on the arm length difference.MICHELSON · LIVEPWR 65%ΔL 3.8e-18 m · shift exaggeratedLASERBS · 50/50Mirror XMirror YL + ΔLLPHOTODIODEoutput 1%

This schematic emphasizes beam splitting, arm imbalance, and recombination without requiring WebGL.

A line chart visualizing gravitational wave strain data over time, showing how the strain fluctuates as the wave passes.
Current frequency65 / 263 Hz
SNR proxy2.7x
Chirp mass26.7 M☉
Noise floor3.44e-22
Arm difference3.76e-18 m

About the source

Heavier systems create a lower and stronger sweep before the signal rushes toward merger.

About the detector

The chirp is present, but detector noise and limited sensitivity are still competing with it.

Next step

Compare two source presets. The easiest way to understand chirps is to hear and see how mass changes the sweep.

The displayed waveform keeps the real inspiral sweep shape but compresses its cycle count for readability, and the model uses a single flat noise floor where real detector noise depends on frequency. The frequency and strain readouts preserve the modeled physical relationships.

Sources

Where this preset comes from.

  • 01

    LIGO gravitational-wave basics

    LIGO Laboratory / Gravitational-wave educational basics / Checked 2026-05-02

    https://www.ligo.caltech.edu/MIT/page/gravitational-waves

    Official LIGO outreach material explaining what gravitational waves are and how the observatory studies them.

  • 02

    LIGO GW150914 press release

    LIGO Laboratory / Binary black-hole detection context / Checked 2026-05-02

    https://www.ligo.caltech.edu/MIT/page/press-release-gw150914

    Official release used for the first directly observed gravitational-wave event from a binary black-hole merger.

  • 03

    GWOSC event catalog

    Gravitational Wave Open Science Center / Research-grade gravitational-wave catalog context / Checked 2026-05-02

    https://gwosc.org/eventapi/html/GWTC/

    Official Gravitational Wave Open Science Center catalog used to distinguish simplified presets from research-grade event data.

Guided tour

Continue the path

Four steps: follow the beam, see the aftermath, compare with spacetime signals, then test your intuition.

Continue · Test your intuition
  1. 01 · Visited

    Follow the beam

    Start with the injector chain so the rest of the site follows a physical sequence.

    Open
  2. 02 · Visited

    See the collision aftermath

    See which detectors catch which particles after a collision.

    Open
  3. 03 · You are here

    Compare with spacetime signals

    Switch to gravitational waves: tune mass, distance, and noise to find the signal.

    Open
  4. 04 · Next

    Test your intuition

    Short quizzes on accelerator ordering, detector choice, and signal tuning.

    Open